The OIC science team addresses this question in the publication "Open Innovation: Open Innovation at City Level - Ecosystem".

Against the backdrop of major social challenges, there is a need for cities to draw on the innovation potential of different actors or a network of actors. In economic contexts, the term " innovation ecosystem " is increasingly being used, as well as the extended term "open innovation ecosystem", based on the principle of open innovation . These approaches can also be applied at city level, as the OIC publication shows.

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